Method of making a candle



June 21, 1960 c. R. STOERKER METHOD OF MAKING A CANDLE Filed Sept. 30, 1957 Q t 2 5 m vw mm H mm mm mm INVENTOR Carroil R. Sfoerker res METHOD OF MAKING A CANDLE Carr-011R. Stoerker, 128 N. San Pedro Road, San Rafael, Calif.

Filed Sept. 30, 1957, Ser. No. 687,228

2 Claims. (Cl. 1S--58) The invention relates to wax candles and their manufacture.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing long, stately tapers having the desirable appearances of long hand-dipped tapers but at much lower labor and material costs.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a candle which will better hold and maintain its stately, erect shape during burning and will have less tendency to slump, bend or droop than the hand-dipped tapers presently available.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a device that will aid in the herein described process of producing, relatively, low-cost candles having a variety of shapes including relatively complex spirally fluted forms.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a candle construction of the character hereafter described which makes optimum use of waxes having different qualities and characteristics, particularly in the core and shell portion of the candle.

The invention possesses other objects and features of advantage, some of which, with the foregoing, will be set forth in the following description of the preferred form of the invention which is illustrated in the drawing accompanying and forming part of the specification. It is understood, however, that variations in the showing made by said drawing and description may be adopted within the scope of the invention as set forth in'the claims.

Referring to said drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a candle-making form :and illustrating in crosssection a container of wax into which the form is being dipped.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary side elevation of the form and wax shell formed thereon.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wax shell.

Figure 4 is across-sectional view of the wax shell :taken substantially on the plane of line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of a wax core member constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the wax core smember taken substantially on the plane of line 6-6 .of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a candle constructed in accordance with the present invention and shown with the interior core member in elevation.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the candle taken :substantially on the plane of line 88 of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary side elevation similar to Figure 2 but showing a modified form of form and wax shell thereon.

Figure 10 is a side elevation partly in section of the wax shell of Figure 9.

.Figure 11 is a crosssectional view of the wax shell 2,941,256 Patented June 21, 1960 ure 10.

Figure 12 is a side elevation of a modified form of wax core.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the core taken substantially on the plane of line 1313 of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Figure 8 but showing the modified form of candle with the core member in side elevation.

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the candle taken substantially on the plane of line =15--15 of Figure 14.

The candle of the present invention and as illustrated in the accompanying drawing, see Figures 7 and 8, consists, briefly, of an elongated tubular wax shell member 21, an elongated wax core member 22 mounted within the shell member 21, a Wick 23 carried by and extend: ing longitudinally through the core member 22, and from one end 24 of the shell member for lighting of one end 26 of the wick, and circumferentially spaced radially extending portions 27 on one of the members 2122 engaging and rigidly supporting the other member in spaced relation. Preferably the shell member 21 is formed with longitudinal taper toward its normally upper end 24, and the radially extending portions 27 are formed with a similar taper so as to provide a snug fit at at least spaced points over the length of the two telescopically arranged sections.

In the preferred form of the invention as illustrated in Figures 6 and 8, the Wax core member 22 is formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinally extending ribs which provide the radially extending portions 27 aforementioned, and these are tapered toward the normally upper end 28 of the core member to conform to the taper of and to engage and support the internal wall 29 of the shell member 21. As will be observed from Figures 5 and 6, the wick 23 is carried generally axially through the core member and from the upper end 28 for extension of the wick end 26 through an opening 31 provided in the upper end 24 of the shell member.

In the modified form of the invention as illustrated in Figures 9-15, the tubular shell member 21a is formed with an undulating wall which provides the internal radially extending portions 27a for engagement and supporting of the internally contained core member 22a in generally spaced and concentric relation. If desired and as here shown, the aforementioned undulation of the shell may be in the form of a spirally fluted shell wall in which the valleys of the flutes extend inwardly to en gage the core member 22a. By using a plurality of flutes the valley of one flute may be positioned in transversely opposed relation to the valley of a diametrically opposed flute, as best seen in Figures 11, 14 and 15. In the form illustrated, four such spiralflutes are set in parallel relation and at ninety degree intervals around the periphery of the shell member.

In the form of the invention as illustrated in'Figures 9-15, the core member 22a may be of plain, generally cylindrical form, preferably tapered slightly towards its normally outer end 28a in conformity with a small taper provided over the length of the shell member towards its normally outer end 24a. As in the first described embodiment, the wick 23a is carried axially through the core member 22a and has an end 26a extending from the core end 28a for extension through an opening 31a provided in the normally upper end 24a of the shell.

As a further feature of the present invention, the shell member 21 may be conveniently and rapidly formed on an elongated core or form member 32 adapted for dipping into wax 33 as depicted in Figure l of the drawing, for forming of the wax shell 21 on the periphery of form member 32, the particular feature of thepresent invention being characterized in the forming of member 32 of distendable elastic material such as rubber, either natural or synthetic or some suitable composition ,of .the ,two, functioning automatically to reduce in'thickness and ,to shrink away from ,the .shell when pulled .at Lone vend .34 from the normally lower end 36 of the shell so as to place therformlmember .in tension. Ihelopeningfil ,inihe zend 24-0 .the :shell for xemergencelof the .wick end 126 .may be conveniently formed by ,a pin -37 stormed an axial extension from the .normally upper lreduced .end '38 .of the 'form 32. 'Pre'ferahly,.the;pin,37 'is formedof metal and maybe molded as,aniintegral partroflthelformlmember32.

The elastic textendahle .core Lform .is particularly eadvantageouslin the makingrifw more tcomplicatednshapestof shells such as the spirally fluted fform Zillustratedin 'Figures 19- 15 Tn such case thefformmembert32alis formed with ,a spiralr'ibTSQ for Jfo'rmin'g ;'the spirally Lfluted wall of the shell, and the core menihenmay lbetremoverl by pulling, as in 'the .first described embodiment, accompanied also "with .relative rotary displacement .between the core member an'dthe shenma. 'llhismay beaccomplishe'd, as 'depicted in "Figure 9,, by manually engaging the ,core memberj32a at'one end 34a"with one hand. and grasping the 'shell121a in the other hand and pulling the coreto get .a stretchingand'shrinkingaction of the core to release ther'ib 39 from'the flute intthe shell. 'To form the specificiflutedshape illustrated 'in'Eigures9-l'5, the core member "32a "is formed with four-longitudinally spirally extending ribs 39 set in parallel'relation arid 'at ninety :degrees *from each "other around :the periphery of the "core member.

Inthe case of either of the embodiments illustrated in the "accompanying drawing, .the method :of the present invention "then consists, -:lbrieiiy, in the fdipping in wax 33 suitably -contained in 'a;heated 'conta'iner 41 of the elongated'form member 32'.to provide ;the wax shell member "21, casting or -otherwiseforming the elongated wax 'core member '22 andtheilongitudinally extending wick-23 therein, and assemblingthe shell and..core members in 'their' spaced "and concentric rlationvas illustrated in Figures '7 "and '14. "Casting of'the core member '22 and wick 23 thereinprovides the lowest cost, most efiicient*mamifacture ofthis component o'ffthecan'dle and maybe "effected, 'as isunderstood'in the candle-making art, in'asuitable-metal.mbld. The moldffor forming the 'core member may'be readily fashioned to provide the ribs 27 and may Elbe likewise TfashioneId to ,givethe outer surfaces .of thejr'ibsan. arcuateform to.better f1tthe circular ,cross-sectionsofttherinternal wallt29toftthe shell 21. .InIthe casetof core .memherilassuchribs'will be eliminated vand :the .core member formed as s-a straight, generally/cylindrical shaft with some lt-apenias-sabove noteid.

s'Ga-ndles constructed 7 in accordance :the :present invention have all of the desirable zappearance 'of relaa to obtain optimum benefitofthe'appearancastrength and burning characteristicsiof :the materials.

I claim:

1. The method of making a candle which consists in dipping in wax of an elongated form of distendable elasticvmaterialzto provideaan elongatedmaxtshelliand pulling said form endwise out of said shell to define a separate WaX.:-Shfi1l :member, toasting an elongated :wax Qoreimemher and longitudinally @extending wiek therein .of 1an external :dimension .insertable into :said :shell, .tforming one of said members with,radiallysextendingmortionsdimensioned and shaped to {engage (and support :the rather i of said rnenrbers tin sspaced concentric relation, and zassemblingsaid shellrmember, onisaid-coremember inysaid supported spaced and .concentric,relation.

2. The method of making a spirally flutedacandlewhieh consists .in;d ippin g.in waxtof,anselongatedrspiraliforml of distendableelastic.material: to provide anfelongated spira1- 1y. fluted waicshelland pullingsaidiorm endwise and with relative rotary. displacementvontsoflsaidsshell1 totdefine a separate spirally iiuted wax shell member ,having an undnlated circumferential iorm with. internally-extending valley portions between the .fiutes, vcasting .ianlelongated wax ,core .member :and .,a longitudinally ,extending .Wiclc therein offlanlexternal .dlmensioninsertable.longitudinally into said shell andintousupportingengagement with said valley portionslforpositioning ,saidshelliand core members lin spaced nonsentricmelation; and assembling said shell -.member ,on said score member,in. said -suppcrting spaced :and concentric relation.

References Cited injtheiflle .df,this,patent UNITED STATES IPAT'ENLTIS 15622347 Rhoads TMar. "29, I927 1,863,416 Root June 14, P932 1,937,393 Root Novfi28, 1933 1 2143576 keplogle Jan. 10, @1939 32, 3 0817-3 8 "Bauwet al. JIan. 19,1943 2,328,769 Auzin Sept.7,-l9 43 2,518,326 Ingram ,-Aug. '8, i950 2,689,470 Turner Sept. 2 l 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 14,234- GreatBritainnnuw. :of;,l'8,86 

